Searching for Some Basic Isopod Care Tips? Don’t Worry, We’ve Got You Covered!
The Ultimate Guide to Terrestrial Isopod Care
Terrestrial isopods, commonly known as pill bugs, woodlice, or roly-polies, are fascinating creatures that have captured the interest of hobbyists worldwide. These small crustacean-like arthropods are not only important for the ecosystem, decomposing organic matter, but also make intriguing pets! With their minimal care requirements and fascinating behavioral patterns, terrestrial isopods can be a great addition to your home or classroom. This article will provide you with all the information you need to care for these unique creatures.
Understanding Terrestrial Isopods
Terrestrial isopods belong to the order Isopoda, with Armadillidium vulgare (the common pill bug) being one of the most popular species kept in captivity and used in scientific research. Unlike their aquatic relatives, terrestrial isopods have adapted to live on land, thriving in moist environments. They are detritivores, feeding on decomposing plant material, which makes them beneficial for breaking down waste.
Setting Up the Habitat
Enclosure: A simple plastic container or a glass terrarium can serve as a suitable home for your isopods. The size of the enclosure should be proportional to the size of your isopod colony, but for starter colonies we typically recommend a 6 quart plastic bin (we use Sterilite brand as they are both affordable and hardy!) Ventilation is crucial, so make sure the enclosure has air holes or a mesh lid to prevent mold growth while maintaining the appropriate humidity.
Substrate: A mix of organic topsoil, wood shavings, and decomposed leaves provides an ideal substrate for isopods. You can also add sphagnum moss to help retain moisture. The substrate should be kept moist but not waterlogged to prevent mold growth and provide a comfortable environment for the isopods. If you are not comfortable mixing your substrate, we highly recommend Josh’s frogs isopod substrate or Zilla’s Jungle mix if you are looking for a more affordable option.
Hiding Spots and Decor: Isopods thrive in environments that mimic their natural habitat. Include pieces of bark, rotting wood, and leaf litter to provide hiding spots and additional food sources. Rocks and artificial plants can also be added for aesthetic purposes and to create a more engaging environment for the isopods. If you are sourcing your materials from outside, we highly recommend you sanitize all materials prior to introducing them into your colonies. (Check out our article on foraging for collection and sanitization tips)
Diet and Feeding
Terrestrial isopods are not picky eaters, making them relatively easy to feed. Their diet mainly consists of decaying plant material. You can supplement their diet with vegetables (such as zucchini, carrots, and potatoes), fruits (like apples and bananas), and occasional protein sources like fish flakes. Additionally, isopods require a steady source of calcium. This can be provided through multiple sources! While we use cuttlebone and crushed oyster shells for our colony, boiled eggshells are also an option in a pinch. Most crucially- avoid feeding them anything moldy or treated with pesticides. If you notice food has started to spoil remove as soon as possible.
Humidity and Temperature
Maintaining proper humidity is vital for isopod survival, as they breathe through gills. The humidity level can vary significantly by species so make sure to read the species descriptions provided on our sales page for more information. Humidity can be achieved by establishing a moisture gradient in the soil or by misting the enclosure regularly. The ideal temperature range for most terrestrial isopods is between 68°F and 78°F (20°C to 26°C). Avoid placing the enclosure in direct sunlight or near heating sources to prevent temperature spikes.
Handling and Interaction
Isopods are generally not pets that appreciate handling, as they can be delicate. Observing them in their enclosure is the best way to enjoy their company. If you need to handle them, do so gently and ensure your hands are clean and moist to prevent harming their gills.
Breeding and Population Control
Terrestrial isopods can reproduce quickly under optimal conditions. If you notice your colony expanding rapidly, you can manage the population by reducing food supply or separating individuals into different enclosures. If you decide to result to culling a population, make sure to follow proper disposal guidelines and freeze any material that has come into contact with your colony for three days prior to disposal. This ensures there is no potential for escapees, which can cause significant environmental harm if the species you are caring for have not been introduced to your state.
Common Issues and Solutions
Mold Growth: If mold appears, improve ventilation and reduce moisture levels. Removing moldy food regularly can also prevent its growth.
Pests: Mites can sometimes be found in isopod enclosures. Keeping the enclosure clean and not overfeeding can help prevent mite infestations. Additionally, introducing springtail colonies can help reduce mite populations.
Low Humidity: If isopods are drying out, increase misting frequency and check for adequate ventilation that does not overly dry the enclosure.
In Conclusion
Caring for terrestrial isopods is a rewarding endeavor that offers a glimpse into the fascinating world of these decomposers! With proper care, a healthy isopod colony can thrive, providing endless fascination and even contributing to the decomposition of organic waste. Whether you're a seasoned hobbyist or new to the world of invertebrates, terrestrial isopods are sure to add a unique element to your collection.
